Python Operators

Operators are symbols that perform operations to variables and values.

Types of Operators

Arithmetic Operators

They are used to perform math in Python. Some of the basic ones are-

+ : Adds two integers/combines two strings together (concatenation)

num = 1 + 1

print(num)

2

– : Subtracts two integers

* : Multiplies two integers

/ : Divides two integers

% (modulo) : Finds the remainder of two integers; ex. 11%5 (modulo is 1)

num_1 = 11
num_2 = 5

remainder = num_1 % num_2
print(remainder)

1

Assignment Operators

Assignment Operators assign values to variables. Some basic ones are-

= : Assigns a value to a variable; ex. fruit = banana (banana is the value of fruit)

+= : The value added with itself, then added with another value; ex. x += 5 is the same as x = x + 5

x = 1
x += 5

print(x)

6

-= : The value subtracted with itself, then subtracted with another value; ex. x -= 5 is the same as x = x – 5.

Comparison Operators

Comparison Operators compare between two values. You can see them the most in loops and if/else statements. They are-

== : To check if two values are equal; not the same as ‘=’; set conditions to True

!= : To check if two values are not equal; sets conditions to False

x = 1
y = 2
print(x,y)

if x != y:
    print("these numbers aren't the same")

1  2
these numbers aren't the same

> : Greater than

< : Less than

>= : Greater than or equal to

<= : Less than to equal to

Logical Operators

Logical operators combine conditional statements. You can also see them in loops and if/else staements-

and : Checks if both statements are true

x = 2
print(x)

if x > 1 and x < 3:
    print("this number is greater than 1 and lower than 3")

2
this number is greater than 1 and lower than 3

or : Checks if only one statement is true

Identity Operators

Identity operators are used to compare the objects to see if they are actually the same object-

is : Checks if both objects are the same; can be a substitute to {variable} == {variable_2}

x = 1
y = 1
print(x,y)
if x is y:
    print("these numbers are the same")

1 1
these numbers are the same

is not : Checks if both objects aren’t the same; can be a substitute to {variable} != {variable_2}

Membership Operators (what kind of names are these????)

Membership operators are used to test if a value is presented in an sequence (tuples, lists dictionaries). commonly seen in For loops.

in : Checks if a value is present in the sequence

not in : Checks if a value is not present in the sequence

Misc. But Still Important

Comment out: Commenting out code with a hash tag (#) tells Python to ignore the said line of code. You can set a comment by typing a hash tag (#) at the front of the code. For example-

#print("This is comment a!")
print("This is comment b!")

This is comment a!

Newline (\n) : In Python, “\n” is used to print something on a new line. You can type it into a string, and all characters after “\n” will be printed onto a new line.

print("This is comment a!\nThis is comment b!")

This is comment a!
This is comment b!

Conclusion

That’s all of the important operators! I hope you found this guide useful.